The global emergence of drug-resistant bacteria leads to the loss of efficacy of our antibiotics arsenal and severely limits the success of currently available treatments. Here, the inventors developed an innovative strategy based on Targeted-Antibacterial-Plasmids (TAPs) that use bacterial conjugation to deliver CRISPR/Cas systems exerting a strain-specific antibacterial activity. TAPs are highly versatile as they can be directed against any specific genomic or plasmid DNA using the custom algorithm (CSTB) that identifies appropriate targeting spacer sequences. The inventors demonstrate TAPs ability to induce strain-selective killing by introducing lethal DSBs into the targeted genomes. TAPs directed against a plasmid-born carbapenem resistance gene efficiently resensitize the strain to the drug. This work represents an essential step towards the development of an alternative to antibiotic treatments, which can be used to eradicate targeted resistant and/or pathogen bacteria without affecting other non-targeted bacterial communities.